| WINSTON, FRANKLIN, AND " UNCLE JOE " |
In 1940, Stalin, one of the most hated men in the world made the cover of Time Magazine as Man of the Year. Three years later, Stalin was suddenly transformed into a serene and saintly figure. Churchill and Roosevelt called him " Uncle Joe". The US Office of War Information began cranking out endless propaganda aimed at portraying Stalin as a benign leader whose only goal was freedom and justice. Similarly, Stalin, in his own country presented himself as much loved by the Russian people. If they honored him at all it was with the terrible fear that if they did not, they would be executed as traitors. |
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Life Magazine tried to convince the American public that the Soviets were " one helluva people", and that " they look, dress, and think just like Americans." The British and American governments brushed aside the reality of Stalin's murderous treachery. Hollywood was instrumental in promoting US-Soviet friendship through the production of numerous films. Roosevelt made empty promises to Sikorski that the US would defend Polands sovereignty of its eastern regions. He continued to lie to the Poles not wanting to disrupt the new Alliance with the Soviets. Roosevelt advised the Polish Ambassador to the US, Jan Ciechanowski to maintain secrecy about Soviet demands for Poland's eastern territory, but Ciechanowski adamantly refused, insisting that intervention in Poland had to be immediate and forceful. |
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| Soviet Union Crushing Traitors |
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With a publicity ban in the US and Britain, it was impossible for the Polish government-in-exile to obtain public support. The governments were censoring all media. With the silence of the press assured, and obliging Sikorski to remain patient and silent, Roosevelt and Churchill effectively gave Stalin free reign to spread Soviet propaganda against Poland and to so do completely unchallenged. Soviet newspapers were vitriolic in bombarding the Poles with unfounded accusations. Stalin continuously accused the Poles of being traitors, and Nazi collaborators. He accused Poles of desertion who refused to join the Red Army, declaring that they were too afraid to fight the Nazis. This propaganda was so effective that by 1943, British publications were printing the same things. In the eyes of the world, the Poles fell from grace, and no amount of diplomacy could correct it. Soviet popularity soared. |
| Soviet Anti-Polish Propaganda |
Soviet Anti-Polish Propaganda |
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However, in April 1943, with the German's discovery of the mass graves of Polish officers at Katyn, Stalin's popularity plummetted. Irregardless, the Allies continued to appease Stalin, and give in to his every demand. George Orwell was very outspoken in his condemnation of the relationship between Great Britain and Russia. He wrote, " These people ( in the government and press ) don't see that if you encourage totalitarian methods, the time may come when they will be used against you instead of for you....If liberty means anything at all, it means the right to tell people what they do not want to hear. " Stalin sought an alignment with Great Britain and America. Though he hated both countries Stalin used them as a means to counter the Nazi attack on Russia. For the time being, he ordered the Comintern to cease denouncing democracies and begin to call Russia itself a "democracy" despite its glaring record of fake trials, executions, and gulag slavery. Stalin made himself to appear a virtual demigod. Soviet children learned to pray to him instead of to God. Although he was instrumental in increasing the literacy rate of Russians, he did so only to ensure a larger audience with which to inculcate with his twisted propaganda. Stalin, or " Uncle Joe " as the Allies called him was an expert at double-dealing, one artfully applied in his negotiations at the Conferences of the Big Three. In domestic affairs, Stalin used the NKVD ( todays KGB) as instruments of fear to subdue any political dissent. Even NOT to be an informer was cause for suspicion of treason. Stalin believed that it was more effective to arrest and kill innocent people, than those guilty of real crimes. Some Russians were so terrified of the NKVD that merely a knock on their door lead some to commit suicide. Even the NKVD was not safe from Stalin's purges. He used threats, kidnapping, terrorism, mass killing, and slavery, all for the purpose of consolidating his supreme power. His first victims were the Kulaks, of whom over 1,065,000 families were slaughtered. He created the largest man- made famine in which 20 million Ukrainians starved to death because of his agricultural reforms. While they were dying of starvation, Russian exports of food rose from 200,000 tons in 1928, to almost 5 million tons in 1934. Neither Churchill nor Roosevelt wanted to risk upsetting Stalin. They needed Russia in order to fight against the Nazis, all the while fearing that Russia might realign with Nazi Gemany. Consequently, Britain and the US, great powers themselves, were at the mercy of Stalin's political games. |